Automatic cashier.



P. GREINDL.

AUTOMATIC GASHIER.

APPLICATION PILBDVAPR. 29, 1913.

Patented Mar. 24, 1914 a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

P/wA GREl/YOL P. GREINDL.

AUTOMATIC CASHIER.

APPLICATION FILED APE.29.1913.

Patented Mar. 24, 1914,

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

P. GREINbL. AUTOMATIC CASHIER. N FILED APR.29,1913. l APPLIOATIO YPatented Mar 24 5 SHEETS-81.11%! 3.

% MllllllIlll U Ch g? v ox k 4 g \nllllllllllllllllwum a HMIEEIEIHIEBII.

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P. GREINDL. AUTOMATIC CASHIER. APPLICATION FILED APR.29,1913.

Patented Mar. 24, 19M

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

AVE/rm;

jTTOR/VE) P. GREINDL. AUTOMATIC CASHIER. nrmonron FILED APR. 29, imj

Patented Mar; 24, 1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET HIIIIll llllllllllllllIHII IIIIIIIH UNIT D oms sis-ULssmitinL, or BRUSSELS, Brass-fins.

AUTQMATZC CAfiHIEIER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patcnitcd Mom 2 3- Applioaticn filcfl. April 2%), 1813. Serial No.-7%,371.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, PAUL GREINDL, baron, a subject of the King of theBelgians, and residing at Brussels, Belgium, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Automatic Cashiers. of which the foiiovw ingis s specification.

Lil present invcn tion relates to auiomakic cashiers .uscd for payingany desired mun; her of coin and summing andjrcoording; the coin paidout, the object being to provide an automatic cashisr of this kind,wherein the desired coin are disohargcri'smi recorded by the moredepression of respective keys and the rotation of s crank-handle, rhocoin disciisrgsd from vorsiosl comiuits, be ing recorded. upon anondioss strip or paper as well as upon a ticketdciiversd to the personto Whom the coiwaro paid, Mild the total sum paid, at each opsrstioribeing shown to the person and to tho cashier be fore the some isdelivered and recorded.

In contradistinotion to other automatic cashiers of this kind, the msinfeature oimy invention consists in arranging s rorstabio disk, providedwith apertures, below she coin-conduits an desired number of which maybe provide for each sort of coin, ms rot'stabio disk being dischargedfrom the Weight of the column of superposed coin when operated for thisdis-charge. and the angular movement of said disk being iimitcd orcontrolled by s gcscwhcel progfijvidsd with stops} rotated according tothe corresponding keydepressed and actuating at the same time therecording an indicatin? mechanism through the agency of suitab egesrings. 1 Other features of my invention will be fuiiy desorlbsdhereinafter" Wlfll reference 'to the accompanying drawings,iilustrui'ing my invention.

Figure ?l. is a side elevation of the compiets Jl'ififihillfi withoutthe recording mechanism; p'ort's being shown in section r nd brokenaway; Fig. 2-: is "c corrosponding top plan View; Fig. 3- is a top planview of the of said row of keys; F 1g. shows an elevationof ihc lockiiigbolt used for pro' tion of tho mischsnisis for printing .ers 1, thelower encisof 'wiiicii are 8%;

keys of one row (for one sort of coin); mg. 4.- shows an elevationiockin bolt; Fi 7.- shows on swarm of one or the coin discharging.Whcsis "zinc the latches iimisiiig the anguiar movement thereof; Fig.8.--is a, partial plan view of some; Fig. 9.- is a side elevation andWEN/1* mi Section of a coin oonminer, showirig the device for removingthe weighi from tho coin discharging disk The View shows siso the clutchconnecting silo coin Eiischarggmg mechanism to the recording mechanism;Fig. 10,- is a top plsri viewof tho dsvicc enabling the machine to dos}.with coin such as Belgian fr; coin; lg 1315' is an elevation of themechanism fasting; tho printing typos corresponding idtho which is aboutto osiii Qua; i53.---- is a sido eievation oi mechanism; Fig 13.,

shows an eievstio oli"ti1c mm indicaio ing mechanism; Fi Tri=- showsssiris sis vation of some; F11 1&5.- sioows mi sierra:

ing the cndisssistrip or? papers saw ties 'iic strip; Flgn 1(21- showsths siois sicvsii i same; Fig. 1? issoi'cisiisidsvicss or tickotuscrigofeexiing ziovics.

in Figs. 11 to 17 the frsmc or the ma chincis not illustrated exceptportions fibers of where necessary for the disclosure of ti-s2operation. f

Rcfsrrin to so drawings 2 dosignsy stationary rams, on which are iiiries of vertical tubular comiui ss or 0 in a flat casing 23, Withinwhich is mists journaierl a oircuisr'toothcd ciisi: ha c a plurality ofcircular apertures. Tho fooo tom of the casing-has a recess 5 9} servingto minimize friction and an opening 6 for the discharge of coin throughfilo photo '7. For csch sort of coin thors are sc so oral coats-Liners'1' arranged sbo vc common disk 4; she rotation of which is coniroiisciby the corresponding cup of keys herein after described. ho tubu'isrcontainers 1 are bulged as as 8 and arranged in the piano mo of thisbulged art is s siicis 9 adapted to be actuated by t o beveled pin 16,raised and lowered by a iiWo-srmoci icvsr i1 pivoted 13 and'actuoteciiif s'sm. by the cam disk 1E2v Y The mschime has as ms riy scriss ofcontain- 1% ors as therc'src soflis ofooirig out it has only a singlecsm-ciisk 1Q, sciiussiis #35118 beveled r pins 10' of all series. smmers ihroughk the agency of the ahsi' Mi- Corresponding to firsciischsrge disks ,4;

latcrall y pro different this wheels.

the

such a way that upon l 15 owing to the desinall toothed wheel beveledpinions l7, actuated when the are moved in oppomple hy the crank hewheel. he sion akey without pending disk, pan vsons of the wheel 15 clugs 16, c j rrcspond to the to be discharged For each "r iality of keyses horizontally Jack to its normal ring; 29. The eacn bar 20 movessuiting supported iongitudi- .fOllSIilfi nearer to 'nto way of relaythewheel a given angle. ire keys 19 for o which acts t c second disd so oncoins a w L the n this pothe in 111 nor: 7 1e wing}; 94-

a s M L2 L1. Li

we keys of two dift frein being depressed is provided the-folarrangeinent conotetable wing 31, "or the passage of wing; 31 is re-34 upon the deof said "pivot-pins 7 actuating a free end of 1 I f lbetween e same apart ls are arranged -w y 38, closed at The space be eds is inst large th i n oular an a s sh Kcy-rod carries s our; Apr/G en)E6 to be insertedhetween the same, so it two keys of difi'er-ent groupsof keys epressed simultaneously, only one key be depressed completely asonly one bolt 36 can and will be inserted between the balls 87 After thevarious members are adjusted and controlled as described, said memberswill be actuated by a crank-handle 4:0 thrcugh the agency of gear-wheelsi1, 42, .(l l. The gear-wheel 42 is fast on a shaft 43, which carries asmany gear-wheels 42 as there are discharge devices. The gear-wheel Mcarries a spring-clutch 45 and is connected. to tile cam disk 12. Thelatter carries a lateral cam socket 46, bearing against an arm 47,secured to the frame and provided with a roller at its free end.

The machine comprises an adding device, composed of ear-wheels 4E9meshing with the toothed wheels and loosely arranged on shafts 52, eachof which is provided with a clutch 50. The latter is operated by thelever 11 through the agency of a rod 51and a forked lever 9). Saidshafts 52 e2;- tend to the adding mechanism hereinafter described.

The machine so far described, operates as follows :It' a key isdepressed, the associated hair will he moved horizontally, so that thewedgeshaped head 21 thereof causes the corresponding stop-pin 23 to beadvanced. At the same time the lug 26 of the bar 20 causes the wing 24-to swing, whereby the hook 27 will he disengaged from the recess 28 offthe wheel 15, which is rotated through a given angle (limited by the pin23) by the action of the spring 30, until one of its lugs 16 strikesagainst the advanced pin 23. Owingto the arrangement of the clutch 18,the beveled pinions 17, which connect the wheel 15 to the dischargedisk, will remain inoperative. As the key 19 is depressed the lug 33thereof brings the wing 31 into its horizontal position so that the fork35 vacts to insert the bolt 36 between the balls 37, whereby any key ofany other group is prevented from bein depressed at the same time. Asthe Wheel 15 rotates, it will rotate the wheel 49; which. actuates theshaft52 and therefore the addii'lg and recording mechanism {hereinafterdescribed) through the agency of the clutch 50. After thekeys'corresponding to the sum to be paid out are depressed, the cranlnhandle l0 will be rotated, whereby the shaft rigidlyconnectcd to thewheel 15 will be rotated through the agency of the gear-wheels 4-1,operated by the cam-socket 4C6. wheel 15 will be rotated together withthe beveled pinions 17, which cause the corre sponding disk 4: to rotatefor discharging a corresponding number of coins. At the same kl, C c:

actuate the shaft 14- through the agency-of the lever 1L The latterraises the beveled time the cam-disk 12 will be rotated to mosses pin10, whereby the slide 9 will be moved inwardly into the coin containerfor the purpose of relieving theweight otthi super- J posed coins fromthe rotatable disk 4. By

the rotation of the shaft 14 through the .medium of the lever 11, thewheel 49 will be released through the agency of the rod 51a'nd'thenlutch member 50. If it is desired to discharge pieces of frs:0.25, a correspondin bar will be actuated asfor other hoinyi e lug 2 ofsaid bar engages and moves the wing 24 (Fig; 10), which moveslongitudinally a bolt 73, uided-in bearings 74 and carrying two hoo edfingers 27, 27, 11 normally engaging recesses in the wheels 15 and 72.If the bolt 73 is shifted by the depression of a key, the whee1s15,-72will be released and the wheel 15 will be rotated by ,its spring andarrested by the stop-pin 22, 'Zfiwhile the wheel 72' will make acomplete revolution and disengage by its cam shaped perigher'y thepivoted bolt 75 from the toot ed wheel 71. The latter is then also Iallowed to rotate and it will be arrested by 3, the stop-lugs'79engaging each other. As the mechanism is wound up by the handle 40 theclutch of the wheel 72 will rotate the latter until it engages a pin ofthe shaft, -whereupon the shaft and therefore the wheel 15 will be movedin unison. The wheel 15 will move the wheel 71 through the agency of thelugs 79. g The part of machine which records the sums paid out comprisesgear-wheels 4C9, meshing with each of the toothed wheels 15. Saidgear-wheels 49 actuate relatively long shafts 52 which in turn actuatethree toothed wheels 53 through the agency of suitable intermediategear'lngs. The three wheels correspond 'to the units, the tens and thehundreds respectively.

' The recording mechanism of my machine [may be divided into three mainparts: the arrangement for adjusting the type-wheels, the arrangement ofthe indicators and the parts will printing mechanism. These three now bedescribedin detail. 7

As the wheels 15 are rotated for adjustment as above described, thewheels 53 (Figs. 11 and 12) will be rotated through the agency of theshafts 52 and said wheels 53 will rotate and adjust the type-wheels 92through the agency of the gear-wheels 9? and 98. Upon'each completerevolution of a type-wheel the next adjacent type-wheel must be turnedto the extent of a unit.

This result'is' obtained by means of fingers 102 arranged in the wellknown way to engage sprocket-wheels 90 attached to toothed pinions 89meshing with the gear-wheels 97. In order to prevent the t ypc whe-elsfrom being moved during the printing oporation, and also to rectifytheir positions, I

have provided a locking device 62', 63, op-

device being inserted into radial slots provided in the type-wheels 92for holding the latter against accidental movement. After the printingoperation the type-wheels 92 must be moved back to their zero positionsby the crank-handle l0 carried by the shaft 55, provided with a toothedWheel 5% meshing with a toothed wheel 56. secured to a shaft 57. Thelatter has a crank 96, pivotally connected with a rod 96 which causesthe toothed segment 95 to turn about its pivot-pin 95. When turningupwardly, said segment rotates the toothed pinion 94-, mounted looselyupon the shaft 93 of type-wheels. When swinging downwardly said segmentrotates the pinions 91 in reverse direction. whereby a pawl 94 carriedby said pinion will engage a groove in the shaft 93 and rotate thelatter. The type- Hrheels 92, which are also mounted loosely on theshaft 93, are likewise provided with puwls 103 (Fig. 12) adapted toengage said groove in the shaft 93 and therefore said type-wheels willbe rotated together with the shaft, 93 in suck-ession according as therespective pawls 103 engage the said groove. The pinion 94 and segmentare proportioned in sucha way that the shaft 93 makes a completerevolution, and the longitudinal groove is arranged so that eachtype-wheel will be turned back to its zero position after the completerevolution of the shaft 93, produced by the downwardly swinging seg ment95. In order to enable the type-wheels 92 to be turned back to theirzero positions,

from the wheels This is obtained by means of a cam 64, carried by theshaft 57. and acting upon a bell-crank lever 65 pivoted as at 66 andcarrying the bearingof the intermediate pinions 98. When caused to swingby the cam 64, said lever e5 disengages the pinions 98 from the wheels53 backwardly. 'The'fingers'102'must also he released from the tached tothe booths pinions 89 before the .type wheels canbe moved back to zero.To

carried by arms 69, pivoted at 70 and provided with a cam-hire recess by.two armed levers 67, loosely mounted on shaft 93 and" pivotally.connected with the bell-cranlrlevers (So/When the latter are caused toswirigfas described, the levers ilif raise the arms 69 together with thepinion-s 89 and sprocket-"wheels 99, so that the-latter are disengagedfrom thefingers 192. "Ellie pinions' 89 are moved against an aliningblade 91, which holds them against acei dental rotation. At the sametime a spring blade 101 is depressed by a bell-crank lever 100 andinserted between the teeth of the -wheels 53 to aline them and hold themsaid wheels must be previously disengaged whereby the type-wheels 92 maybe turned. 4

s rocket-wheels 99, at

this end the'lshaft 88 of said pinions 89'is erated by the cam 62, theblade 630i said iagainst accidental'rotation. Said bell-crank 13o leveris actuated by a cam 99 of the shaft 57 through the agency of a pivotedarm 100 and a connecting-rod 100".

The indicating mechanism (Figs. 13 and 11) is followsr-As alreadydescribed the wheels are actuated by the rotation of the wheels.rrranged on the shaft 55 of the crank-handle .10 is a toothed wheel 54;meshing with a toothed-wheel 56 on the shaft 57. Said wheel in?transmits motion to a toothed wheel 101 through the agency of gear-whees 59 and 103. said wheel 104; being mounted on a shaft 109 and providedwith a finger 105, arranged to actuate a crossshaped member 106. carriedby the inclined shaft 107, the upper end of which carries a eam-disk108. The shaft 10%) carries also a toothed pinion 110. moshing; with atoothed wheel 111. the shaft 112 of which carries a cam-roller 113.engaged by pivoted levers 125. adapted lo'engage the toothed peripheriesoi the indicating wheels 122 to hold the latter against accidentalrotation. The shaft 112 carries also a cam-disk 11-1 engaged by a lever115 arranged to operate the frame 11% pivoted at 1113. The toothedwheels 53 are o 'ieiatively connected to gear-wheels 118 by intermediatepinions 11.7, said gearwheels 118 being arranged on shafts 120, providedwith clutches 119 and carrying other gear-wheels 121. meshing with thetoothed peripheries of the indicating wheels 122 as shown. Saidindicating wheels 122 are loosely mounted on the shaft 123 and connectedwith the latter by means of spi ral springs (not shown) one end of whichis secured to the shaft. while the other end is secured to therespective indicating wheel. The rotation of the indicating" wheels 122produced by t 10 action of said spiral springs is limited by 'a.rotatablo cross-member 1241. The clutches 119 are operated by springactuated hara 1,2(L adapted to be shifted by a suitably shaped swingingmember 127 actuated by the cam 1.08 After a wheel 122 has completed onerevolution, it causes the next wheel 122 to turn to the extent of a unitby the fact that its laterally projecting finger 13 engages and movesthe sprocketwheel 128. attached to the. pinion 129 mesh; ing with thetoothed periphery of thenext indicating wheel 122. The indicating Wheelsare adjusted at the same time as the typewheels already described tovshow the operator the sum which will be discharged upon the operation ofthe crank-handle 10. If thesum indicated in this way is not right, theoperator needs only operate the clutch 158 (Figs. 1 and 2) lay-means ofa key (not shown) provided to this end and turn the handleAO' forbringing all the members of the machines back to their initial positionswithout discharge of money.

The record feeding and printing mechanism. is shown in Figs. 15, 16 and17. The

the papensliding freely below i e roac es type-wheels 92 inlfed b inkingdevice such as 1 record strip is fed from a passes over guide-rollers 1between two pressure roller the larger printing roller 1- wound upon astore roller shaft 55 of the handle agency of a relatively loosepressure rollers 1 13 and the prn 1141. are carried by frame 132 adswing about a stationary shaft endless strip of paper passes bwedge-shaped spring actuated mem 138, the member 13? of which slide 139guided in the 3 ally connected to an arm 1w fixed. pin 136 see red tothe chine. It will be seen that the 1.1 swings in the direction ot'thearrow 15), the slide. 139 will be moved do and the strip of paper wil bepu wardly by the wedge m'emb frame 132 is swung in. the cp osite theslide 139 will be mor the wedge member 13? st. strip of paper which ishe 1 the wedge member 138. The swin ments of the frame 132 o cam 138arranged on the s -2 ing two successive recesses frame 132 is swungtwice in rap toward the type-wheels 92, once an impression upon theendless once for making a. similar ii .131 the ticket strip suppliedfroir and brought between theend the type-wheels 92 as will. scribed.The ticket strip p spring actuated wedgeair-e one 151 is pivotally airationary guide while pivotally arranged on a s on said guide 150 1 1 17on shaft 116 through o Arranged below each wedge inernb 152 is a flatplate 151 and 152" 0 passes the strip of paper. 11:" the moveddownwardly the member the strip of paper and pulls dew.

151. If the slide 150 liner again, the member 151 grips paper andthernember 152 sl the latter. At each downward.

the slide 150, the latter will feeds port the strip corresponding to thedesired of ticket to be delivered by the ma Said portion will beinserted bet een printing roller 14-4.- an type and printed when the:frame 132 second swin toward the After the ticls'et is printed, by a,pivoted critter 1 5? sun actuated by the shaft I i'iflIldiQ 40 throughthe agency of geaowheeis I ee .eei; forth.

form onci arrangement of the "vents de- 22 iviieeie, iieiiween thetoothed, W eeiiecoii so dusk o oi the ore, mecimmsm, suitable coimectwnsetc/coil 'the 1% aeoeeee iiii' an arm lofig 'ieicioated by 1% com 155 oneiieiit 5? through the a one of a, bar 156' and a pivoted lever 156 Theshaft 146 is 55 of theopei-eting 5S and 145, as clearly ShOWHJ H Fig.15.

From this disclosure. it will be seen that the money discharged from myautomatic cosiiiei' o'iii be first shown on indicating wheels,ei'rangcoi in from of e suitable open.- iilg ohe casing of the machine,and then discharged and simultaneously recorded. on e stationary rec-02171 one" iickeb delivered. by iiie machine by operation of e singlecrank-handle, icriogiog oil iie paris simuiieneousiy back to their iiiisiei positions.

i wish it io be uiiciersioori' diet i do not wish to iimii; my inventionto the precise scribed, as man .chenges smi mo i'iiceizions may beresorts. in w iiioue departing from scope of my iovc ice 1 ifi'evingtime fuiiy cieeoeiised my invention, it I claim and desire 'io eecuieLetters 1s:- in enouioim tic oi? the class cod, iii e combinationvcriical tubuier w contaiii'icrs a suitable coin e ecting; disk,eiisioiy eri'aogc in 2, horizontal one be each of acid coin comainers, abulged lflllfiiflil in the well of we. contsiiier, :1 horimiiteliymovoble slide, eciepteci "510 be. insereeii aperiialiy into said bulgedmeans for eciueiiing-said slide at *he iiime es the ejecting disk, :1key boom, suitoiiie connections between the keys and the ejeclbiog diekfor cozitroiiing the angular movemepie of the letter, a recording owl e,iiicizei, printing mechanism, and means for fiiiflifiij the hoe:- to becontroiled at the fierce i,v oe as the ejecting ciisio subsia-ntioli y12a in on automatic ceshiec the class de scribed akey hoardiiocizoiiteiiy movable here actuated the keys, stoopios movable oi;right angles to said iii-ire e'eoi sdoggteci e0 i'oe comet-ed by theieiflcer e vez'ticoiiy ermngcd toothed wheei laterally projeciging.iug's on eeid Whcei' cooperating with said stoopine, a spring ectuotipgsaid Wheel when it is released, a. latch, Jsormeiiy flocking mid. Wheeiagainst rotation and adapted to be unlocked by sziici bor a hocieomelly110- 'aie coin ejecting {c'iisiz, so ebie ggee *cic, for saidgfifiF-Vfilifiifi w'iieco'by file io cio not eciiieie the disk if vthemime ,Wheel is roi'otezi, io; spring, e ei'enioiicndie, a shaft carryingthe some, eo oiiie georiiigs between the letter and! iii? shaft of saidtoothed. wheel, whereby the iii/H 91 is iee in opposite dircoiioos whenhenciie is coileted, o recording hotel ooci file iootiiedi wieeieoioickei prim ing' mechanism and suitable connections be- .tween thela tier end the shaft of the crank- .miiciie, sui'isiantiuiiy as setforth,

3. In an automatic :cegiiier of the class described,' the combination.of key-board horizontally, movabie ca-rs, actuated by iiie keys,stop-pins movable {it i'ight'angies to said bars and actuated by thesome, a verticsl toothed wheel, laterally projecting iugs cooperatingwiih said stop-pins, a spring for octuoi'ing the ioofihed Wheel to anextent limited by the adjusted stop-pin, a crankiiancile, suit-ablegeerings between the some e-nci the toothed whee for roteiing the latterin opposite direction, eneioogoteci guidewey, bails wronged Within thesome, and 2 bolt adepceri to inserted beiween said beiis upon thedepression of e single I: for preveniing another key. fi om beingdepressed simultaneously, e horizonteiiy omble coin ejecting disk,suitable eoringsigetween ciao letter and the toothed wneel whereof ikedisk is actuated only Whentthe'cmnkhsndie is roeereci group of veriiceituiioieicoin e i'ecor mechanism eotiiesed hy the toothed licesuiosceniiaiiy as set forth.

4. in EEWiZUiT-zliiiii} cashier of ifoe ciass cicscz ii oci, thecombination oi. a keyboard, e toothed wheel spring actuating the some inone direciioo, means for controiiing the angular movement of eeid Wheelby the depression of ofkey, a rotatable coin ejector v siiiiabieconnections between the iooihed Wheel seici ejecioi', e shaft ecrookimnciie on said. shaft and connections iietween the letter antiiciieiooeicerl wloeci, the ejector being actuated only as fakecrankimiidie is roiaetecL isooihed gear-Wheels cocresponding to units,tens end hundreds, operrolcive coniieoizione betweeothe some and thesaid? iooifiiicd Wheel, type-Wheels operoiiveiy "connected to saidgeei'ovheeis, mi inking device for saic'i icypewheeis, recording Wheelsalso opei'eeiveiy connected :0 9

said geeowiieeis, meeiis for feeding en emiiees strip or pepeein 1 cm;of ihe type 'Wheeis, enofciier scrip of paper, means for ieeiii ig thesome oeoween ihe endless strip anti file iype-Wheeis, mesons forcuitiiig said second strip'to the ticket length, and memos for pressingthe paper iniceii. type-Wheels, substantially as set forth. I 5. 1:11 onautomatic cashier of the class do .ect-iiiyeci the combination of akey-booed o toothed Wheel, e spring actuating the some upon thedepression of e key, means operaeed by the keye for cocci-oiling 'eheanguim movements of ssici Wheel a crank-handle for Rema ning the bitterin opposite direction, a

rotetzibie coin ejecting disk, connections-between the some and thetoothed Wheel whereby said (iisk is actuated. only as ehe crank-handleis operated, typc-Wheeis and recording inciicoting Wheels, operativeconagainst the nections between said wheels and the toothed Wheel, anoscillating frame over" which passes an endless strip of payer andarranged in front of the type-wheels, paper feeding means carried bysaid oscillating frame, suitable connections between the crank-handleand said oscillating frame whereby the latter is caused to swing towardand away from the type-Wheels, an inclined guide for the same foranother strip of paper, reciprocatlng feeding means i saicl said guideconnect 011s hetwee;

and said feech i paper hetweeteless strip 0i gapei",

in presenceof twe v m BARON Witnesses T; P. WAGNEER,

